Prevalence and associated risk factors of covid-19 in suspected patients and close contact with confirmed cases in makkah, 2020

Background: Makkah Al-Mokarramah, Saudi Arabia has a special consideration in Islamic religion as millions of people came to perform Umrah and Hajj during the year, gathering multi ethnicity and nationality. Objectives: To estimate the prevalence and associated risk factors of COVID-19 in suspected patients and close contact with confirmed cases in Makkah Al-Mokarramah, 2020. Subjects and methods: A cross-sectional study included all high score suspected patients and those confirmed contact with positive cases that were screened in 5 primary health care centers assigned as COVID-19 screening centers in Makkah Al-Mokarramah. Self-administration secondary data, that were uploaded from Health Electronic Surveillance Network were utilized. Results: A total of 143288 individuals were included. The overall difference between cases and control subjects as regards age distribution was statistically significant, p<0.001. Males represented 70.1% of cases and 66.8% of controls, p<0.001. The prevalence of COVID-19 among the study participants was 56.6%. Both cases and controls were more reported in June, 2020 compared to May, 2020 (70% and 59.8% vs. 30% and 40.2%). The prevalence of confirmed and suspected cases was 44.9% and 29.9%, respectively. Regarding the outcome, majority of cases (82.1%) recovered whereas case-fatality rate was 2%. Concerning symptoms, the most frequently reported were fever (88.4%), cough (88.3%), sore throat (73%) and running nose (56.7%). History of patients `admission was observed among 36.5% of them. Concerning the initial reason for admission, respiratory reasons ranked first (58.9%). Conclusion: COVID-19 was commonly reported among suspected patients and close contact with confirmed cases. Their hospital admission was relatively common and the case fatality rate was lower than others.