Prevalence and clinical profile of hyperplastic gastric polyps in north India

Background: The Hyperplastic polyps (HPP) where the most common histopathological type of gastric polyps all over world. This was attributed to its association to the high prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) globally. Patients with HPP have low but definite chances of future malignancies in polyps and background gastric mucosa. The present study was intended to evaluate the associations and determine the patterns of HPP in our population in Kashmir. Methods: The medical record of all patients who had gastric polyps on esophagogastroduodenoscopy in 3 centers in Kashmir from 2011-2018 were reviewed. The data of all patient diagnosed to have HPP on histopathology of gastric polyps were compiled. Their demographic particulars, comprising age, gender, weight, presenting complaints, smoking habit, the anatomic site of polyp and size, Helicobacter pylori infection and the histopathology of the background mucosa were examined and analyzed. Results: Of the 757 patients studied, 480 (63.4%) were male and 277 (36.6%) were female. Mean age was 50 ±14.67 years with the range of 13 to 89 years. Most of the patients where over-weight with mean weight of 68.32±13.474and 25.36% were smokers. Dyspepsia was the most frequent presenting complaint in 468(61.8%) patients. Antrum was commonest anatomic site of HPP (n= 390, 51.5 %) and 549(72.5%) polyps were of size less than 1cm. H. Pylori gastritis was most common type of gastritis in background mucosa (45.7%, n = 346).Apart from HP gastritis, 108(14.2%) had chronic inactive gastropathy (CIG); 40 (5.28%) had reactive gastritis (RG); 37 (4.8%) had intestinal metaplasia (IM); 2 (0.26%) had Portal hypertensive gastropathy (PHTG). Conclusions.HPP was more common in males and was associated with smoking in one quarter of patients. Most of the polyps were of size less than 1cm and located in antrum. HP gastritis was most common type of gastritis in HPP.