Prevalence of lower genital tract infections in women: case of saint camille hospital of ouagadougou from 2015 to 2018

Background: Vaginal infections remain a major public health problem in Burkina Faso. A retrospective study was conducted at Saint Camille Hospital of Ouagadougou (HOSCO) to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with vaginal infections in women seen at gynecological consultation between 2015 and 2018. Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of women seen at gynecological consultation for vaginal infections at HOSCO from June 2015 to June 2018.The antibiogram and antifongigram of microorganisms isolated were determined using standard procedures. Results: The study population consisted of 4168 women aged 10 to 65 years with a mean of 29.0 ± 7.8. The overall prevalence of vaginal infections was 83.2% (3469/4168) in the study population with 517 cases of coinfections. Women from 19 to 45 years accounted for 92.8% of the study population and was the most exposed to C. albicans (p <0.001) and Escherichia coli (p = 0.002). More than 50.0% (1770/3469) of yeast infections with 70.3% (1245/1770) of Candida albicans and 29.7% (525/1770) of Candida spp. were found while Enterococcus spp. was involved in 15.9% of vaginal infections. Antifongigram revealed higher sensitivity for Nystatin, Econazole, Clotrimazole and Miconazole. The highest resistance rates were observed for Fluconazole, Miconazole and Amphotericin B. Conclusion: This study has shown that Candida albicans and Enterococcus spp. are the most common pathogens involved in lower genital tract infections in women in Ouagadougou. We also report increased resistance to Fluconazole, Miconazole and Amphotericin B and suggests surveillance of antimicrobial resistance for better management of patients.