Short term effects of non-surgical periodontal treatment on plasma level of reactive oxygen metabolites in patients with chronic Periodontitis

Introduction: Chronic Periodontitis, an inflammatory disease caused by oral bacteria stimulates the host cells, neutrophils which release Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) as a part of immune response. Excess ROS is one of the pathological features in the periodontal lesion. Recently, Reactive Oxygen Metabolites (ROM) were recognized as a useful measure for blood ROS. To reduce inflammation, periodontal therapy is required. Therefore nonsurgical periodontal therapy- Scaling and Root Planing (SRP) may be effective in decreasing circulating ROS. Aims and Objectives: The purpose of this study is to estimate the plasma ROM level in healthy and diseased periodontium and the effects of nonsurgical periodontal therapy- Scaling and Root planing on plasma ROM level in Chronic Periodontitis. Materials and Methods: The study population consisted of 20 subjects belonging to both sexes were randomly selected. Subjects were divided in two groups, Healthy periodontium (GROUP I) and Chronic Periodontitis (GROUP II). Plaque index (PI), Sulcular bleeding index (SBI), Probing Pocket Depth (PPD), Clinical attachment level (CAL) were recorded at baseline, 1st and 2nd month. Blood was collected to assess the plasma ROM level at baseline in both groups. After SRP, in group II subject’s blood was collected at 1st and 2nd month to assess plasma ROM level. Results: The mean plasma ROM level in group I subjects was 162.6 CARRU and in group II subjects 321 was CARRU at baseline. Comparison of clinical parameters and ROM between test group and control group at baseline was significant (P<0.001). In test group, correlation between ROM level and plaque index was significant (P= 0.026). The other clinical parameters and ROM level at baseline, 1st month and 2nd month were non-significant. Conclusion: The present study suggests that non-surgical periodontal therapy -Scaling and Root planing was effective in improving clinical parameters and reducing plasma ROM level in Chronic Periodontitis subjects.