Integrated strategies for adaptation with sea level rise in coastal cities an analytical study on santos city, brazil and new-mansoura city, Egypt

Background: Climatic changes are affecting many coastal areas in the world, which are exposed to the risk of flooding due to sea level rise and changing patterns of rainfall. Strategies regarding dealing with climatic changes impacts in coastal areas are different from one country to another; while some cities are conducting plans for protection like Santos in Brazil; there are new cities that are under construction, in flood risk coastal areas like New-Mansoura in Egypt. Objectives: The research aims at providing criteria for the urban planning in New-Mansoura, in order to improve its adaptation. Methods: The research depends on, studying the adaptation strategies, which could mitigate the effects of climatic changes and make cities more resilient and analyzing the situation in Santos as an existing coastal city which adopted some strategies for adaptation. Analyze the situation of New-Mansoura as a new coastal city with no adaptation strategies in order to conFigure the opportunities and challenges for each city and develop criteria for improving the urban planning for facing sea level rise. Results: The research results showed that Santos city need to adopt more connection between green and grey infrastructure; and regarding New-Mansoura adopting green infrastructure and raising the level of the city in addition to sea walls and barriers. Conclusion: Building new coastal cities in the circumstances of climate change is challenging, and having no adaptation plans may lead to serious problems, so precautions must be considered through the design phase and before the end of construction.