August 2021

Manufacturing companies in Nigeria has witnessed poor financial performance, subsequent failure and liquidation which can be traced to weak internal control system, internal fraud, and non-compliance with corporate governance standard, lack of transparency, creative accounting and insider trading. The financial performance of manufacturing companies has been called to question on several occasions. The study examined the effect of internal control system on financial performance of manufacturing companies listed in Nigeria. The study employed ex-post facto research design, a target population of forty-three (43) manufacturing companies quoted on Nigerian Stock Exchange was used and a sample of fifteen (15) companies was selected from the population. The data was gathered from audited financial reports of the sample manufacturing firms for a period of ten (10) years. The study employed descriptive method of analysis to describe the data while inferential statistics such as multiple linear regression technique was used to test the hypotheses using Stata software. Inferences were made at 10% level of significance. The study showed that Risk management has significant and positive effect on financial performance of manufacturing companies listed in Nigeria giving the F-statistics value of 7.212 with probability value of 0.000 and Adjusted r2 of 0.151. Hence the null hypothesis of no significant effect is rejected. Board independence have statistical impact on financial performance with F-statistics value of 5.441 with probability value of 0.000 and Adjusted r2 of 0.113. Hence the null hypothesis of no significant effect is rejected. From the findings of the study, the study concluded that manufacturing companies that had invested on effective internal control systems have more improved financial performance as compared to those with a weak internal control system. The following recommendations were made based on the outcome of the study: Management should develop a mechanism to incorporate relevant feedback from the various stakeholders into their internal control system and Board of Directors of manufacturing firms should ensure that the internal control systems recommended by both internal and external auditors are periodically monitored and evaluated.

Background: Cardiac injury has now been a emerging complication of the ongoing pandemic of COVID 19.Increased risk of infection to the patients with cardiovascular disease were addressed in various studies however the risk of myocardial injury and subsequent complications and long term outcome after COVID 19 are of concern in coming years. Aims and objective: The aim of the study is to correlate the presence of cardiac injury and their clinical outcome in patients with moderate and severe COVID 19 pneumonia. Methods and Methodology: This was a prospective observational study done from March 2021 to July 2021, conducted in Chitwan Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Bharatpur, Nepal. Cardiac injury was defined by raised in cardiac biomarkers level, electrocardiographic changes and decrease in left ventricular ejection fraction. Results: In this study, total 44 patients were studied with a mean age of 54.59±12.58 years and age more than 50 years (72.7%) with male predominance (65.9%). Hypertension (29.5%) being the common risk factor in those patients. Significant difference was found in moderate and severe COVID 19 with WBC count, serum Potassium level, C-reactive protein, cardiac troponin I, D-Dimer (p<0.05). Sinus tachycardia was the most common ECG findings. Only 27.27% were able to transfer to ward, mortality during ICU stay observed in 47.72% of patients and 25% were discharged against the medical advice. There was significant difference in in-hospital mortality with the severity of COVID 19. Conclusion: Cardiac injury was common in patient with severe COVID 19 patients. Cardiac biomarkers as well as WBC count, serum potassium level, D-Dimer, CRP helps in prognosis of severity of COVID 19. Electrocardiogram(ECG) changes and in hospital mortality was observed more in severe COVID 19 patients.

Background-At the end of 2019, a novel coronavirus was identified as the cause of a cluster of pneumonia cases in Wuhan, a city in the Hubei Province of China. It rapidly spread throughout the world. Identifying patients at highest risk for severe disease is important to facilitate early, aggressive intervention and to mitigate the crises occurring throughout the world. Biomarkers were needed for patient stratification into those likely to develop severe disease and with high risk of mortality. Present study aims to find out those indicators. Methods: Total patients admitted over a period of 1 year from 1st April 2020 to 31th March 2021 in Dedicated COVID Hospital of RNT Medical College and MB hospital Udaipur was 4304 out of which 620 died and 3498 got discharged, 186 couldn’t be followed up as they took leave against medical advise. From death group (620 patients) and Survival group (3498 patients), 400 patients were selected randomly from each group and were analysed and comparison was made between both the groups including parameters like ALC(Absolute lymphocyte count), NLR (Neutrophil Lymphocyte)ratio and RDW(Red cell distribution width). Results: Median age in death and survival group was 62.03 and 47.18 respectively. Mean Absolute lymphocyte count was 0.88 and 0.93 in death and survival group respectively. Mean Neutrophil -Lymphocyte ratio in death and survival group was 8.37 and 4.34 respectively. Mean RDW- CV was 1.86 and 1.67 in death and survival group respectively. Conclusion: From the present study we conclude that Decreased ALC and Elevated NLR are a reliable indicator of death as an outcome in COVID 19 disease whereas RDW was high in COVID19 patients but had no significant relationship with outcome of the disease.

The Covid-19 pandemic has disrupted the education sector globally. Classes have been suspended to enforce social distancing and educational institutions, universities have shifted to online methods of teaching and evaluation. Online class challenges linked to lack of teacher preparedness. While children face issues in accessing education digitally, teachers face issues in delivering education through digital mediums. Aim: A descriptive study was conducted to assess the barriers perceived by faculties regarding online teaching in the era of Covid-19. Methodology: Purposive Sampling technique was used to select the sample size of 109 faculties of different colleges of Delhi-NCR teaching through online mode. Multiple choice questions and Likert scale were used for data collection through electronic survey. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis. Results: The findings depict that majority of faculties (72%) perceived most prevalent barriers in conducting online mode of teaching while some (27%) felt neutral and few (1%) perceived no barriers of online teaching. Barriers were classified as personal, institutional and technical. The most prevalent barriers perceived by the faculty in these areas were difficulty in demonstration of practical skills (88%), increased workload (69%) and frequent change in software/application creates a fuss (73%). Chi square test showed the significant association of perception score with gender, faculty status and designation of the faculty. Conclusion: In order to improve the online education outcome, the universities/colleges are advised to promote the facilitating factors and cope with the barriers, by providing administrative support, adequate training, technology support, help in dealing with the anxiety.

Title with Purpose of the study: COVID-19 infection is spreading throughout the world and collapsing the morale of the world. In this pandemic the health care workers are at risk of contracting the pandemic due to direct exposure to the covid 19 positive patients. It is imperative to identify the risk factors and hence protect the healthcare workers in order to safeguard the patients and healthcare workers. The objective of the study was to assess the experience of healthcare workers infected with COVID-19. Material and Methods: The study was conducted at Dr L H Hiranandani Hospital. Sample size was 110 selected by non-probability convenience sampling technique. The tools used for the study were: Tool1: Demographic data consisting of demographic information of the healthcare workers infected with Covid 19. Tool 2 consisted of open ended questionnaires on experience of Covid 19. Data was collected and analysed by using inferential statistic method. Results: Analysis of the data has revealed that majority (24.5%) of the sample were in the age group of 25- 30 years of age. A vast majority (58.8%) of the samples were females. Among the various occupation, a vast majority (38.88%) of them were nurses. Interestingly, a majority of 67.27% of the healthcare workers infected were working in Covid area and 74.55% of the samples infected used PPE while on duty. An open ended questionnaire was given to all the samples, the content of which was collated, Experience was collated. The common theme identified were: Theme 1: Fear: Of being in isolation and fear of death, fear of being contaminated., Theme 2:Experience of infection: physical discomfort, Theme 3: Psychological effect- panic situation, loneliness due to isolation. Theme 4: Social impact: Social stigma, isolation, impact on near and dear ones by the society. Theme5: Spiritual bargaining.

To observe the impact of barbed suture and study its safety and feasibility in laparoscopic gastrointestinal surgeries. The study was conducted in the Post Graduate Department of General and Minimal and Access Surgery from June 2018 to June 2021. Our study was conducted on 34 patients and following observation was made.: The mean age in our study was 59.76 ± 12.497 Yrs. (Range from 21to 85 Yrs.). Maximum were present in the age range of 60 to 79 (52.9%) and out of 34 patients, 22 (64.7 %) were males and 12 (35.3 %) females. The peri-operative diagnosis were malignancy 28 (82.4 %) (Ca stomach 21 (61.8 %), Ca colorectum 7 (20.6%)) with 6 (17.6%) of the patients had a benign disease (Choledochal Cyst\Oriental Cholangiohepatitis 3 (8.8%), Benign Gastric Outlet Obstruction 3 (8.8%)). The various procedures done, Gastrojejunostomy in maximum number of patients i.e. 17 (50%) followed by esophagojejunostomy in 6 (17.6%) patients. Ileotransverse Anastomosis in 5 (14.7%), Jejunojejunostomy and Colorectal Anatomosis each in 3 (8.8%) patients was observed. The time taken for various gastro-intestinal anastomosis, Colorectal anstomosis ( mean 35-50 minuts), Gastro- jejunostomy (mean 25-40 minuts), Esophago- jejunostomy (mean 40-45 miutes), Ileotransverse anastomosis (30-49 minute), Jejuno- jejunostomy (40 -49 minuts). The hospital stay in various Gastrointestinal Surgeries Colorectal anstomosis (7 to 10 days), Gastro- jejunostomy (3 to 8 days), Esophago- jejunostomy (7 to 10 mdays), Ileotransverse anastomosis ( 5 to 8 days), Jejuno- jejunostomy ( 5 to 7 days).We conclude that the barbed sutures make the intra-corporeal suturing fascinating and technically easy, which otherwise is tedies event. It adds speed to the intracorporeal suturing and makes it more proficient and technically feasible there by decreasing anastomotic bloodloss and leaks.

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2) responsible for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was first reported in Wuhan, China, in December 2019 and has since spread globally in a few short months. The use of negative pressure mask technique resulted in 98%reduction in the fine particulate aerosol stimulation and eliminated larger respiratorydroplet spread during stimulated ESS including during external drill activation. As global ENT services resume routine elective operating, we demonstrate the potential use of a simple negative pressure mask technique to reduce the risk of viral exposure for the operator and theatre staff during ESS.

Background: About 99% of maternal mortality (MM) occurs in developing regions particularly Africa and Asia, during labor, birth and the 24 hours after birth. However, about 88% – 98% of these deaths are avoidable. World health organization (WHO) recommended that every pregnant woman must use Skilled Delivery Service (SDS) during labourreduce maternal and neonatal mortality. SDS are services provided to women during pregnancy, childbirth and immediately after child birth by accredited and competent health care providers. The purpose of this study was to assess the level of utilization of SDS by Pregnant Women at the health facilities in Central Region of Ghana. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional design was used to conduct the study. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to sample 1100 pregnant women. Structured questionnaire was used to collect the data after pretesting was done and the collected data were analysed using frequencies and percentages. Results: The results showed that majority (80%)of the pregnant women had the intention to use SDS during labour. Among women who had given birth before, during their last delivery, about 69% used SDS at health facilities in Central Region of Ghana. Conclusion: In conclusion, Central Region is doing better than the national coverage of 56% but it is worth emphasizing that more need to be done to achieve the global target of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) 3.1 and 3.2. As a result, the governments through the Ghana Health Service (GHS) must implement strategic interventions that will motivate every pregnant woman in the country to use SDS.

This paper describes an equation of motion that should also be considered during analysis of mechanical motion

In this universe all plants In this universe all plants have medicinal value for cure, prevention and treatment of various diseases due to rich source of secondary metabolites such as alkaloids, glycosides, steroids, tannins and flavonoids which is potential source of drugs. Thousands of phyto-constituents and their potential uses have been described so far and many of them have been isolated which are being used in modern medicinal system for the treatment of various diseases and disorders. The major problems which occurs during use of medicinal active constituents from plants is very less yield, which ultimately makes the whole process and also the medicine very high in terms of cost and expenses. Therefore a large number of plant species (especially medicinal) are under the threat of extinction because of their over exploitation. To overcome this problem, various techniques have been employed including plant tissue culture, genetic manipulation, UV radiation exposure, use of fungus Piriformospora indica with jaggery solution etc. to get promising result. Dipcadi erythraeum is also known as Jangali Dungari comes under the Rare, Endangered and Threatened species by IUCN and WCMC. Dipcadi erythraeum plants have a long history of traditional uses in treatments of wide ranges of diseases. It has been proved by traditionally uses that Dipcadi erythraeum has great folk medicinal value such as leaves are used as laxatives; ointments for wounds, bulb and capsules are edible during famine, while whole plant is used for cough, biliousness, diabetes and urinary discharge. Chopped bulbs are fed to animal against stomach pain, scorpion stinging, sweating and Bulbs are also used as remedy for bronchial troubles, cardiac trouble. So the plant was propagated using fungus Piriformospora indica and in vitro micropropagation (plant tissue culture). But overall result showed that there is no possibility of growth of plant Dipcadi erythraeum. So it should be conserved through natural conservation like plant protection by over grazing, collection of seeds etc.

Bhagandara is one of the common diseases occurring in anorectal region. Bhagandara (Fistula in ano) explained as one among the eight (Vātavyādhī, Pṛameha, Kusṭha, Arśa, Bhagandara, Aśamarī, Mūdha Garbha and Udara Roga). Major dreadfull disease in ayurvedic texts. In ancient Ayurvedic literature. Acharya Sushruta, the father of surgery has included this disease as one among the Ashtamahagada1.At first it present as pidika around guda and when it bursts out, it is called as Bhagandara. It can be correlated with Fistula in ano as de-scribed in Western medical science. the description of Bhagandara is found in different Samhitas but it is scattered in various Sthāna as Nidāna, Cikītsā etc so In this review an attempts has been made to highlight the concepts of Bhagandara in ancient time according to different Ācharyas of Āyurveda collectively in different heading given below, historical review, etymology and definition,aetiology (Nidan) of Bhagandara, pathogenesis (Samprapti) Purvarūpa, Rūpa, classification and management of Bhagandara.

V.S. Naipaul is doyen among postcolonial writers. His fiction and non-fiction is a record of his personal views and experience. His novels deal with the struggle of Indo-Caribbean people who are caught in the web of socio-cultural and ethnic forces of heterogeneous Caribbean society. He adopted the western form of writing novel, but his fiction is replete with ethos of Indian community in Trinidad. Naipaul’s early fiction is full of humour, kind irony. All the protagonists in his early fiction are male and female characters play peripheral action. The women are portrayed as victims under patriarchal system, and as marginalized victims. Therefore, I have chosen The Mystic Masseur, one of the early novels of Naipaul, to explore how V.S. Naipaul portrayed women. This paper ‘Portrayal of Women in The Mystic Masseur’ deals with how V.S. Naipaul portrayed and cornered women as peripheral characters.

The paper incorporates a qualitative and quantitative study of pollen contents in four squeezed honey samples collected from Bramhapuri tahsil of Chandrapur district. Cajanus cajan represents the predominant pollen type (49%) in one sample are designated as Cajanus honey. The other significant pollen types recorded include Celosia argentea, Lathyrus sativus, Coriandrum sativum, Prosopis juliflora, Hyptis suaveolens, Capparis grandis, Cajanus cajan, Cleome gyanandra, Tridax procumbence, Capsicum annuum. The pollen counts ranged from 85,000/g to 125500/g. The data reflects the floral situation of the place were particular honey was produced and the identification of geographical origin based on the presence of a combination of pollen types of that particular area.

One of the most unusual, illogical, and inexplicable phenomena in the history of thousands of years of Mongolian literature and culture is a unique (but rare) genre of oral and written literature called riddles. The riddle is based entirely on lateral thinking, in other words it is a manifestation of the lateral chaos of language as a result of lateral thinking. The most obvious linguistic and mental evidence for this pattern is the riddle. For this reason, we have tried to clarify the custom of honoring knucklebone from a nomadic ethnographic point of view what puzzled the knucklebone and what is puzzled with the knucklebone, and how knucklebone divination is practiced in the Mongolian folk riddles. In the study of the knucklebone riddles, the knucklebones were expressed anonymously and figuratively without using their names directly, and in addition to hiding and allegorizing the name of something else in the name of knucklebone, riddles also puzzled about games, divination, and symbols of knucklebone.

Low back pain is defined when the pain happens in the area just below the ribs to the hips in normal human being in the back. This condition that can be caused by many causes like muscle and ligament injury or overuse. Whereas, Functional status refers to the ability of an individual to perform activities of daily living without any difficulty. If the individual experiences any kind of discomfort while performing these activities, that could be the result of many conditions and low back pain is one of them. The aim of this study is to find the prevalence and severity of low back pain among the population of two wheeler riders and assess its association with functional status. A survey was done among 50 two wheeler riders in Delhi. The questionnaire used for this study to detect the presence of low back pain and factors affecting the functional status was ODI (Oswestry Disability Index) and FSQ (Functional Status Questionnaire). Data analysis was done on Microsoft excel to find the result. Out of 50 respondents, the study determined that about 72% of the subjects experience disability and the 28% have no disability under which 36% subjects presented with mild disability, 24% with moderate disability, 10% with severe disability and 2% with the ODI score 35-50 as completely disabled. The prevalence of low back pain was more in the age group of 20-30 years. The study determined medium prevalence of low back pain in two wheeler riders and large strength of association was found between low back pain and functional status.

The purpose of this study was to determine to what level different degrees of wind exposure influence morphology and secondary growth in Camelina sativa L. crantz. The hypothesis was that wind-stressed Camelina develops greater lignified areas and invests carbon and energetic resources in sclerification. Camelina was harvested in the late flowering stage and analyzed in terms of stem anatomy and morphology. The results indicated that there was no significant difference in morphology or sclerification between groups. A Principal Components Analysis was performed on the data in order to elucidate Camelina morphology.

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between three elements of job design based on the job characteristics model (autonomy, task significance, and feedback) and employee performance. More so, the study aimed at determining the highest predictor of employee performance among the three elements investigated in this study. Design/methodology/approach: A a sample of 420 university lecturers within selected MENA states participated in this study, and SPSS version 21 correlation and regression analyses were used in analysing the data. Findings: the results revealed that there is positive and significant relationship between autonomy, task significance, and feedback, and employee performance. In addition, it found that autonomy is the highest predictor of employee performance. Research limitations/implications: Even though the job characteristics model comprises of five elements, only three were considered in this study, the findings of this study revealed how employee performance can be elevated through job design elements. Practical implications: For the human resource managers of higher institutions to achieve high level of employee performance, they should focus on designing jobs in such a way that employees are given the freedom to make decisions on their own, believe that their jobs have an impact on people within and outside their work environment. More so, higher institutions should employ a system through which the lecturers can be provided with both positive and negative feedback about their performance to motivate them to perform better. Originality/value: Several previous studies have investigated job design as a determining factor for employee performance in different contexts, but this study is one of the first to investigate the performance of university lecturers based on the elements of job design, there filling a gap in literature.

The physiologic process of formation of blood cells is known as haematopoiesis. It proceeds through different stages starting from early embryonic life- mesoblastic stage (yolk sac), hepatic stage and myeloid ( bone marrow) stage. During embryonic and early foetal life, haematopoiesis occurs in the yolk sac (only erythroblasts) and the liver ( all blood cells). Some blood cell formation also occurs in the spleen (all blood cells), lymph nodes and thymus (most lymphocytes). Bone marrow starts producing blood cells around 3 to 4 month and by birth becomes the exclusives site of blood cell formation childhood, haematopoiesis becomes restricted to the flat bones such as sternum, ribs, iliac bones and vertebrae and proximal end of long bones. at other skeletal sites haematopoietic areas are replaced by fat cells. However when there is in creased demand for blood cells production, conversion of yellow fatty inactive marrow to red active marrow can occur. In extremely severe cases (severe chronic anaemia) resumption of haematopoitic activity in organs pother than bone marrow such as liver and spleen (extramedullary haematopoiesis) can occur.

This article will review the ways in which public health practitioners can utilise social action approaches to address health inequalities. A critical analysis and evaluation will present on how the social determinants of health are capable of impacting health and wellbeing and will discuss the ways in which the principles and practice of community development can be utilised to tackle depression at a community level. The relationship between public health theory and its application to social action will also be examined focusing on community development approaches to support communities to address health inequalities in relation to depression. Public health theory and public health practice development will be explored and the relationships between communication and public involvement in public health service provision will be presented.

Background: Many procedures today can be performed using the Tumescent local anesthetic technique. Several studies using this technique resulted in a clean, safe, and effective operating field, and can reduce the cost of several elective operations. Therefore, the researchers wished to investigate differences in duration and onset of action of Tumescent anesthetics during surgery and before surgery in different dilution concentration groups. Methods: This experimental analytical study was conducted to compare the onset and duration of local anesthetic action with the Tumescent technique using lidocaine and epinephrine with dilutions of 1:500,000, 1: 1,000,000 and controls usinglidocaine only. The subjects of this study were male or female young adults who met the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria with the research formula obtained 10 samples in each group. Tumescent technique local anesthetic injection was performed in the hand area. Onset and duration were assessed by sensory sensation using the cotton wool test. Results: Based on ANOVA statistical test on the onset of action, there was no significant difference in the mean of onset in the three groups (p<0,945) and found a significant difference in the duration of work of the three groups (p<0,00). Conclusion: There was a significant difference in the duration of work between lidocaine-only group and dilution concentration groups (p<0,00).

Background: The role of ectomycorrhizal fungi in tropical forest ecosystems is not to be overlooked. They promote plant growth and protect their roots from pathogens. Some species are commonly used by local populations in the diet and treatment of certain chronic diseases. To better assess the diversity of ectomycorrhizal fungi in Togo, a study was undertaken in the Alédjo Wildlife Reserve. The objective of this study is to contribute to a better knowledge of ectomycorrhizal fungi of the genus Russula from Alédjo Wildlife Reserve. Methods: For this purpose, fruit bodies were collected between 2016 and 2020 in the Alédjo Wildlife Reserve in 50m x 10m squares along 1000 m2 transects established parallel in nine (9) different vegetations through woodlands and gallery forests. Results: Mycological surveys resulted in the collection of 54 taxa of the genus Russula. Analysis of the collected specimens was done according to morpho-anatomical characters. All the specimens identified belong to seven (7) sections, twenty-one (21) subsections and thirty-two (32) speciesof the genus Russula, including seven (7) new species for Togo. Conclusion: This study showed that the diversity of ectomycorrhizal fungi in general and that of the genus Russula in particular is very high in Alédjo Wildlife Reserve.

This paper presents a general perspective on circular motion, inertia and mechanical motion.

This paper describes three independent dimensions along which user behavior could be studied.

The Messla oil field in Sirte basin consist of 54 production wells covering 52.591 acres. The reservoir of interest contain light oil and primary production is estimated to account for 45% of the original oil in place (OOIP¬) 3.075 billion barrels (BBL). The Messla oil field is operated by National Oil Corporation (NOC) subsidiary Arabian Gulf Oil Company (AGOCO). Due to the hard economic situation which our country lives in. It is essential to the economy to produce as much oil as physically possible, to save the economic from collapse. There are two options that can be implemented in the field to increase production: water flooding and steam flooding. Both options are favorable under specific criteria. Experiences of worldwide Improved Oil Recovery (IOR) projects and papers have been reviewed for geological characteristics, cost and equipment information for water flooding and steam flooding.

This paper explains the relation between user’s interest in social networking applications from the perspective of the structure of these social networking applications.

This paper heuristically describes people’s response to anything online (on internet) or offline.

This paper proposes that teaching involves problem solving and there are differences between novices and experts. It is evident that teachers use different styles and strategies and they would benefit from exploring these with knowledge of their individual differences. A diagnosis of teacher styles and strategies is made with a view of making recommendations for using these to teach dyslexic students. A conceptual model is proposed as a research tool to develop understandings of teacher styles and strategies and so develop a model to enable teachers to match their styles and strategies of teaching with the styles of dyslexic students. Of note is the Wholist-Analytic (W-A) and Verbal-Imagery (V-I) category of styles which Mortimore (2008) argues is important when matching students’ styles to teachers and so may help students achieve. The W-A/V-I model is diagnosed by the Cognitive styles Analysis (CSA) but caution should be taken if this instrument is used to develop dyslexic students’ knowledge of a topic (Mortimore, 2008). Analysis of cognitive styles of pre-service teachers suggests there are grounds for matching styles and strategies with dyslexic students’ styles as this may be helpful for learners; but this requires detailed exploration. Where students find it difficult to interact socially with other teachers it may be necessary to think about the structures of artificial intelligence models to help learners gain confidence and skills.

This paper describes three types of living of users and convenience.

The aim of Controlled drug release system is to achieve a delivery profile that result in a high blood level of the drug for a long period of time, while in a conventional drug delivery system the drug level in blood flow rises after each administration of the drug and then falls before the next administration. Different drug to polymer ratios were combined and formulated CR captopril. F1, F2, F3 F4, F3, F5 and F6 prepared six separate formulations and tested their physicochemical properties. Preformulation studies Hausner’s ratio, compressibility index, solubility studies and post formulation studies Hardness, thickness, weight variation, friability, disintegration and dissolution test were conducted. The flow properties were found to be within acceptable limits. The solubility studies done by using different solvents with different temperatures (pH 6.8, 7.4 with 250,370 and 400) it was found with near to the standards. The results of Physical tests were done and found within the acceptable limits. The dissolution of all formulations were checked according to the standard procedure and it was found that all the formulations were acceptable range. It is concluded that the formulations developed of controlled released captopril by using combination of polymers Eudragit, Xanthan Gum and formulation of controlled released of tablets were analyzed. The physical characteristics of tablets were checked accordingly which were within the limits specified. The dissolution of all formulations controlled released captopril showed more than 100% released within specified time. So it is recommended that in future control released tablets of different others drugs may be formulated in same combination of polymers to enhance the patient compliance.

This research article deals with women in politics, education, health, culture, legal status, marriage and poverty situations within which women's employment opportunities in rural Bangladesh need to be evaluated. Some factors have a direct impact on women's decision-making authority in the home and society, while others may have an indirect impact on job possibilities in rural Bangladesh. The article further explores the women's socio-economic and political culture related to their employment opportunities and development in rural Bangladesh. This article also covers women in political parties, women's difficulties in politics and how they may overcome them, marital status and gender-based labor force participation, gender inequality in education, health, and nutrition, women's legal status, and women in rural Bangladesh.

A Amaurose Congênita de Leber (ACL) é a mais severa distrofia da retina e é majoritariamente autossômica recessiva, na qual um defeito gênico causa um significativo prejuízo funcional de fotorreceptores retinianos. Foi descrita pela primeira vez em 1869 e atualmente é responsável por cerca de 20% dos casos de cegueira nas crianças em idade escolar e pelo acometimento de 4,5 milhões de pessoas em todo o mundo, sendo que em populações consanguíneas ou em comunidades isoladas a frequência da doença aumenta de forma considerável. Até o presente momento, 23 tipos de genes foram descobertos como sendo responsáveis por desencadear a doença. Pacientes portadores de ACL(Amaurose Congênita de Leber), além de uma perda severa da acuidade visual desde o nascimento, apresentam uma variedade de outras alterações oculares como fotofobia, nictalpia e ceratocone, além de diversas anomalias retinianas como degeneração e atrofia corio-retiniana, maculopatia e pseudopapiledema do disco óptico. É possível, ainda, encontrarmos alterações no sistema nervoso central associadas à ACL(Amaurose Congênita de Leber), tais como, atraso no desenvolvimento e comprometimento da habilidade motora. O diagnóstico da doença é realizado através das alterações detectadas no teste de fundo de olho e no teste genético molecular. O tratamento consiste na abordagem terapêutica através de terapia farmacológica, reposição gênica e transplante de célula RPE (Retinal Pigment Epithelium). Atualmente, a terapia de reposição gênica para o RPE65 (Retinal Pigment Epithelium – Specific Protein, 65-KD corresponde ao tratamento mais estudado, mais seguro e eficaz em relação à ACL(Amaurose Congênita de Leber).