Radiographic evaluation of mandibular asymmetry in skeletal class ii subjects

Aim and Objectives: This study is done to determine the prevalance of mandibular asymmetry in skeletal class II subjects to assess sexual dimorphism, any correlation of mandibular asymmetry with ramus length and width, length of the body of mandible and to evaluate and compare panoramic radiograph and frontal cephalogram radiograph to assess mandibular asymmetry. Materials and Method: Extra oral radiographs were taken of each subjects of age group (Male 18years and above, Girls 16years and above). The lateral cephalogram of subjects were taken and evaluated for Class II skeletal pattern ANB of > 4°and Beta Angle <24°) and for evaluation of growth completion by CVMI staging method. (30 Males and 30 Females) samples with skeletal Class II pattern were selected. Lateral cephalograms, Orthopantomogram and Frontal cephalometric radiographs were taken using a standardised technique The radiographs are traced on fine acetate matte tracing paper. Analysis for assessment of mandibular asymmetry and was sent for statistical analysis. The results thus obtained were subjected to pearsons correlation coefficient, student’s paired t test and independent students t test. Results: Mandibular asymmetry based on length of ramus was observed in 16.8% of the study subjects. Similarly, the incidence of mandibular asymmetry based on length of mandible, length of condyle, gonial angle and length of corpus was found to be 15.7%, 14.5%, 10.6% and 8.6% respectively. In the results for the sexual dimorphism we found that there is statistically significant results seen when we compared values of both males to females. In males we found that the mean value was increased in certain parameters when taken from OPG statistically significant and the mean value was increased in females as compared to males. When correlating the mandibular asymmetry with ramus length, width and length of the body of mandible we found that there are positive correlation in certain parameters taken, in contrast we found there are certain negative correlation seen When comparing the panoromic radiograph (OPG) and Frontal radiograph (PA) we found that there is a significant difference in OPG and frontal cephalogram readings when comparing to length of the ramus, length of corpus and length of the mandible and gonial angle as the results showed statistically significant values, so it can be stated that the OPG and frontal cephalogram cannot be compared with each other for the measurement.