Study of hematological anomalies during antiretroviral treatment at the saint-louis regional hospital center

The aim of this work is to describe the anomalies of the blood count and the factors associated with them during antiretroviral treatment (ARV) at the Regional hospital center of Saint-Louis Hospitalier Régional de Saint-Louis. We carried out a cross-sectional descriptive study which took place from February 2 to 28, 2020. The population of our study was that of Persons living with VIH (PLVIH) aged 18 years or over, on antiretroviral treatment for at least 06 months, and having agreed to participate in the study by signing the free and informed consent form. Results: A total of 100 patients were included in the study, 65% of whom were female, for a sex ratio of 0.54. The mean age of the patients was 44.97 with ranges ranging from 20 to 72 years. The mean duration of antiretroviral therapy was 93.74 ± 58 months (7 - 203). The most frequently encountered anomaly was anemia (33%) with an average hemoglobin level of 12.67 ± 1.77g / dl. It is hypochromic microcytic in 24.2% of patients, normochromic normocytic in 60.6% and normochromic macrocytic in 15.2%. The other anomalies observed were: neutropenia (31%), lymphopenia (18%), leukopenia (11%). On univariate analysis, factors associated with anemia are gender (p = 0.01) and treatment with AZT (p = 0.008). Lymphopenia is 22.2% present in WHO stage 1 and 77.8% in stage 2. It is associated with HIV 1 (p = 0.032) and WHO stage 3 (p = 0.022). Conclusion: Haematological abnormalities remain a major comorbidity in patients with HIV. The anemia is frequent, severe and predominantly normochromic normocytic in our patients.